This article collects short definitions about every aspect of the smart city, every new and innovative technology, solution, and principle that may be used in the development of our cities, our business, and maybe ourselves. Glossary, dictionary, terms.

Absolute in meaning related to smart cities is about to make things around cities and processes of infrastructure as closest to the absolute order as possible. 

Artificial intelligence
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a hypothetical AI that will not only be able to reproduce the maximum abilities of humans
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Apps
Apps (application programs) – Different programs are used to work with different types of information. The totality of software that
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Aquaponics
Aquaponics is a combined method of growing fish and plants together in a recirculating ecosystem using natural bacterial cycles to
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Autonomous vehicle
Autonomous cars are becoming a reality. There is less and less time left before we will be surrounded by a
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Application agents
Application agents help address the lack of overhead for an end-to-end, peer-to-peer network in an IoT architecture. They help manage
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Application Programming Interface (API)
Application Programming Interface (API): the API can be used to connect different objects, data, and applications in the IoT. For
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Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Artificial (or machine) intelligence refers to intelligent devices that learn from external inputs, data, and past experiences using algorithms. Today,
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Autonomous system
An autonomous system is a system or network that gathers information determines the needs and issues a response or other
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API
An application programming interface (API) is a set of definitions, protocols, and tools for building application software and connect...
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Bee is one of the most interesting self-organized structures in the world. This behavior makes bee smart with the most efficient infrastructure and communication with the lowest consumption of energy. Interesting, isn’t it?

Biodiversity
Biodiversity characterizes the entire diversity of life forms on our planet. This is why it is also known as biodiversity
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Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)
Bluetooth Low Energy – also known as Bluetooth 4.0, Bluetooth Smart, or Wibree. It is a variant of the traditional
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Bicycle detection and actuation
Bicycle detection and actuation sensors at regular traffic signals to alert the controller of bicycle crossing demand on a particular
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Bifurcation
Bifurcation is applied to the mathematical study of dynamical systems; a bifurcation occurs when a small smooth change made to
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Biomimicry
Biomimicry is the science of applying nature-inspired designs in human engineering and invention to solve human problems.
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Biophilic city
A city that contains abundant nature; care about, seek to protect, restore and grow this nature, and that strive to
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Building Information Modelling (BIM)
An innovative digital modeling tool for planning, executing and managing a construction project across the project lifecycle.
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The cycle is the most important part of continuous development. Doing things in a cycle cause a repetitive effect that allows improving innovation. Cycle allows continuously remove problems caused by changes of the previous cycle.

Compact City
Compact city – An urban planning and urban design concept, which promotes relatively high residential density with mixed land uses.
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Carbon tax
Carbon tax – A tax on fossil fuels, especially those used by motor vehicles, intended to reduce the emission of
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Cybersecurity
What is cybersecurity? Cybersecurity works on the same principle as offline security, that is, it aims to protect users and
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Constrained application protocol (CoAP)
One of the widely used protocols for interaction between IoT devices (Internet of Things) or IoT devices and the external
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Connected devices
A connected device (or smart device) is an electronic device, generally connected to other devices or networks, that can operate
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Connectivity protection
Connection Protection: the part of the Edge layer that is used to provide connectivity in case of network failure or
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Carbon neutral city
Carbon neutral city – no net release of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, especially through offsetting emissions such as by
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Citizen-centric approach
Citizen-centric approach to the delivery of services based on solving the needs and challenges of the people they serve are
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Carbon footprint
Carbon footprint – the amount of carbon dioxide and other carbon compounds emitted due to the consumption of fossil fuels
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As deepest is the participation of three key parties in the development of their city, so better the quality of final results is. The key participant of Smart City development committee is Government, Citizens, and Business.

Device-Agnostic Control
Device Control – the part of the Edge layer that provides a web abstraction so that a server or cloud
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Data collection methods
Information collection methods Despite the huge variety of research methods and techniques, the general scheme of activities implemented in the
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Direct messaging
Direct Messaging is a messaging mechanism in which the sender and receiver are connected by caches and can exchange messages
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Data center
Data Center is a high-tech space, the space of which is filled with telecommunication equipment and other devices, thanks to
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Digital government
The use of information and communication technologies to improve the activities of public sector organisations. Some definitions restrict...
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Data lake
Data lakes and data warehouses are widely used for storing big data, but they are not interchangeable terms. A data
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District cooling
Since demand for district heating is lower in the warm months of the year, redundant waste heat is fed through
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District heating
In district heating systems, the heat produced as a by-product of power generation and waste incineration is generally transported using...
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Digital twin
Digital twins are virtual simulations of physical objects and systems. They model the properties and behavior of these real-world objects...
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The environment in Smart Cities is the natural part of the planet. To make the city sustainable and citizens life quality on the highest possible level, the environment is the key part with the most sensitive monitoring.

Ecotourism
Ecotourism is nature-based tourism that includes environmental education and awareness programs and is conducted by the principles of environmental sustainability.
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Electric car
What is an electric vehicle? There are probably fewer and fewer people in today’s world who have never heard of
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Edge Layer
Edge Layer An architectural shift in IoT that breaks the norm of the traditional client-server model. The edge layer is
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Dynamic pricing
Dynamic pricing also referred to as demand-based pricing, is a pricing strategy in which flexible prices for products or services
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Edge Gateway
Edge Gateway is the connecting factor between analytical devices and cloud data processing and analysis. A virtual router that connects
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Expert review
Expert review – method and decision based on the personal opinion of the expert. The expert evaluation method is part
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Embedded Device/Systems
Embedded devices/systems: a computer with a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electrical system. They are usually embedded as
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Endpoint device
Endpoint Device – An Internet-enabled endpoint device on a TCP/IP network.
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Equity
equity – the absence of avoidable or remediable differences among groups of people, whether those groups are defined socially, economically,
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Smart Cities development is a step in the evolution of cities to deliver higher life quality to citizens. When life comfort is on a higher level, people are more conscious and friendly. The key aspects of the global piece.

Fleet Management
Fleet Management: In IoT terms, fleet management deals with concepts such as automatic vehicle tracking. What is fleet management? Fleet
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Food desert
Food desert, also calls a food mile occurs when residents live more than one mile from a supermarket or large
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Fresh air corridor
Zones that are kept undeveloped provide inner-city districts with a circulating supply of fresh air. Development in these zones...
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Final Energy Consumption
Final energy is the energy generated from converting primary energy sources, such as coal, lignite, crude oil, natural gas, hydropower,...
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Global Smart Cities strategy to open the possibility to learn from lessons of other cities. The global strategy of Smart Cities is the most effective tool to reach environmental sustainability in minimal time consumption.

Garden city
Garden city – Intended to be a planned, self-contained community surrounded by “greenbelts”, containing proportionate areas of residences, industry, and
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Geofencing
Geofencing is a simple but very useful localization solution. This option creates certain zones, the crossing of which can be
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Green building
Green building – an environmentally sustainable building, designed, constructed, and operated to minimize the total environmental impacts. The ideology of
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Green building materials
Green building materials – Composed of renewable and/or recycled materials, rather than nonrenewable resources. What kinds of green building materials
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Global marketing
Global Marketing – marketing of global organizations that operate by treating the entire world as one big market. It assumes
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Gateway
Gateway: any point where information passes through devices on an IoT network. So it can be virtual software or real
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Green index
The Green index is a process used to determine the amount of environmental impact a city has. The vegetation index
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Green roof
A green roof is a flat roof that may be systematically planted with, for example, varieties of sedum, moss, or
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Green Deal
Europe has a plan to become a technological and ecological leader in the world because, like many other countries China,
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Smart Cities are healthy cities. Healthy and natural environment, with satisfied and healthy citizens. It is the way of global development direction, although, probably these days this aspect pretty lag…

Hybrid car
A hybrid car is a vehicle that is powered simultaneously by an internal combustion engine and an electric motor. In
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Home automation
Home automation: a combination of hardware and software solutions that enable the control and management of electronics, appliances, and devices
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Hyper-local data 
Hyper-local data refers to the data that is more specific and relates to a smaller geographical area than 'local' data.
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Heat pump
Heat pumps take heat energy from water, the ground, or the air, bring it to a usable temperature, and transfer
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The individual does not mean separate. Smart Cities should open the possibility for individual ideas with the collective support of the idea application. In history, all inventions have been found mainly by individuals.

iBeacon
iBeacon technology is a promising development from Apple, designed to transmit a Bluetooth signal to devices within the range of
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IIoT
IIoT – from the English Industrial IoT. Loosely translated the Internet of Things is for industrial use. From the deployment
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Instrumentation
Instrumentation is a collective term for measuring instruments used for indicating, measuring, and recording physical quantities. Field of science and
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Integrated city operations
Combined and compatible operation of different city systems and exchange of data and information with the aim of achieving more
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IoT
State where things, for example, objects, environments, vehicles, and clothing have more and more information associated with them and may...
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ICT
Information and Communications Technology (ICT) refers to the integration of telecommunications, computers, and associated enterprise...
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Internet of Things (IoT)
Internet of Things (IoT) is a generic term for a network of infrastructures, devices, and other objects that can interact
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Intermodality
Refers to the combination of multiple modes of transport in a seamless travel chain, e.g. traveling to the rail or
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Indicator structure of the Framework Strategy
Indicators are parameters based on measurable proxy values to describe subject matter that is otherwise hard to grasp.
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Did you ever make something important or interesting without the Joy of that? Impossible. Great things are born only when the individual or collective feel Joyful. Smart Cities’ strategy should follow this development constraint.

JETRO Japan External Trade Organization
The Japan External Trade Development Organization JETRO is an organization established by the Japanese government to promote mutual trade and
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The Key of Smart City is the highest quality of infrastructure, the most natural environment, the most sustainable usage of resources, and the happiest citizens living in the city.

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Liology, or often also called Li is a Chinese ancient study about the geometry of nature. This geometry should be used in future cities development as it is self-organized, the most efficient, and with the lowest energy consumption. Everything in nature is constructed in the logic of these geometry principles.

Low impact development
Low Impact Development (LID) has been defined as “development that, through its adverse environmental impacts, either enhances or does not
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Leadership in Energy LEED
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design LEED – is an ecology-oriented building certification program run under the auspices of the
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Long range communication protocols
Long-Distance Communication Protocols: used to designate universal radio frequencies for long distances for multi-generation wireless standards such as 2G, 3G,
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living building
living building – a concept that uses nature as the ultimate measuring stick for a building’s performance.
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Low-Power Devices
Low-Power Devices: electronics that have been designed to consume less energy than traditional devices. This is essential to the future
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Logo
Logo – a specially designed original lettering of the full or abbreviated name of a company or a group of
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low carbon city
A low-carbon city reduces its carbon footprint by focusing on renewable energy and mitigation measures. The “green” aspects of comprehensive
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LPWAN
LPWAN Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) is a type of wireless telecommunication wide area network. It facilitates long-range communications
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Living alleyways
Living alleyways are narrow, low-volume traffic streets that focus on livability instead of parking and traffic.
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In the current strategies this is not an aspect of the discussion, although, with the transition of human-thinking in quantum logic, the matter and anti-matter should become part of Smart Cities development logic.

Messaging protocols
Message protocols: a way of transferring and communicating information between devices, the cloud, and the data store. Different protocols are
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Management information system MIS
Management information system MIS – Information processing system that supports the decision-making of a community city or organization. MIS is
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Monitoring (social)
Monitoring – the act of periodically checking processes, equipment, and environment to detect any changes *NOTE: Checking can include process
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Multi-modal transport
Multi-modal transport – simply a system that facilitates various transport options, such as cycling, bus, light rail, train, ferry, or
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Municipal CIO
The CIO is responsible for collecting the city’s information, and making it available to decision-makers, residents, and partners.
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Municipal services
Services that municipalities provide depend partly on the size of the town or city but typically include a school system,
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Mobility platform
Internet-based platforms allow transport providers to be accessed at any time. From basic travel information and booking through to...
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Material passport
A digital tool that provides information about the material composition of buildings and the quality and quantity of the materials
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Neural systems from the micro and macro perspective are the decentralized system of organization and communication between units in cities, as well from a global perspective. It is the fastest connection between N-units.

NB-IoT
NB-IoT network for data transmission. Like LoRa or SigFox, it focuses on maximizing the efficiency of data transmission. The batteries
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Near-field communication (NFC)
Near-field communication (NFC) is a set of communication protocols that enable two electronic devices to communicate in short distance.
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Nearly zero energy building standard
Nearly-zero-energy buildings are characterized by very low energy requirements, with a considerable share of these requirements covered...
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A modern city development gets in the principles of open policies. the open and transparent approach gives the possibility to share lessons learned between cities and countries and gives an advantage of higher development speed.

OSINT (open-source intelligence)
OSINT (open-source intelligence) is an intellectual discipline and a set of activities, tools, and methods for obtaining and analyzing information
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Open data
Open data – data that is freely available for everyone to use without copyright, patent, or other restrictions. The term
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Open Governance Strategy
Open government initiatives are “actions undertaken by the government, or by a single public institution, to achieve specific objectives in...
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The proactive approach uses predictive models, these days with the application of machine learning and artificial intelligence tools. Proactive management of cities allows to make an action before, rather than reactive that’s more costly and with higher consumption of physical or mental resource energy.

High albedo pavement
High albedo concrete is a special type of pavement that reflects more light than dark-colored materials due to its lighter
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Personal Rapid Transit (PRT)
Vehicles are operated using a computer and can transport small groups of people using electric motors on lightweight tracks.
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Platform as Service (PaaS)
A category of cloud computing services provides a platform to facilitate the development and management of digital applications.
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Paris Agreement on Climate Action
The Paris Agreement, signed in 2015, is an agreement between 195 member states of the United Nations Framework Convention on
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Future connection, communication, and interaction between elements of global infrastructure are in the quantum technologies and people progress on the quantum-based physical laws use in a commercial environment.

Quickly
Quickly – done, proceeding, or occurring with promptness or rapidity.
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Smart City project implementation relies on the responsible participation of every human being connected or even not connected in the process of global cities development.

Real-Time Operating System (RTOS)
Real-time operating system RTOS: designed to guarantee the completion of a task within a certain time constraint. Often used in
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EIoT
Enterprise IoT (EIoT) refers to all devices that are used in enterprise and business environments, where they are typically part
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Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
Radio Frequency Identification: a technology that involves electromagnetic coupling and radio frequency to identify objects and people. It consists of
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Rails to trails
Rails to trails the conversion of a disused railway into a multi-use path. Such trails emerge from the organized transformation
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Raw vs processed data
Perhaps the greatest difference between data lakes and data warehouses is the varying raw vs. processed data structure.
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Resilient city
One that has developed capacities to help absorb future shocks and stresses to its social, economic, and technical systems and
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Responsibilities of City
Responsibilities City responsibilities are key domains within which city governments and their private sector partners provide services to...
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Renewables
This term defines energy sources that are constantly renewed or replenished and hence are permanently available. Renewables include sunlight
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Sustainable resource usage is the global strategy of production and consumption management. Sustainable cities are cities that are self-sufficient to operate with their own production and efficient external resource in/out cycle.

Solar power
Solar power is one of the largest alternative energy and renewable energy sources (RES) segments. Today, it is customary to
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Sustainability
Sustainability – the maintenance and betterment of the ecological, social, and economic health of a city. “Sustainability” is a completely
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Solar city
Solar city – a city actively using solar energy to reduce or replace fossil fuels. An American energy company based
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Smart networks
Smart networks a network that contains built-in diagnostics, management, fault tolerance, and other capabilities to prevent downtime and maintain efficient
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Sense of place
Sense of place is either the intrinsic character of a place, or the meaning people give to it, but, more
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Smart City terminus
Today, almost half of the world's population lives in cities and the number of urban residents is constantly increasing.
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Sensors
The sensor is an electronic component, module, or subsystem is used to detect events, triggers, or changes in the surrounding
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Smartivist
Smartivist is a person who understands, supports, and promotes the positive features of Smart Cities and innovative gadgets implementation into
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Start-up ecosystem
A start-up ecosystem consists of all individuals and stakeholders involved in a company start-up, interacting as a system.
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Continents, Territories, Countries, Cities, and Villages – all these segments participate in the global cities’ development strategy. Developing their infrastructure from a technology and social perspective.

Traffic adaptive lighting
With this type of smart street lighting, the brightness of the street lighting varies automatically based on real-time traffic flow
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Transition town
The terms transition town, transition initiative, and transition model refer to grassroots community projects that aim to increase...
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Telematics
One connected technology solution that plays a significant role in the development of smart cities is vehicle telematics.
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Every city is unique and every city has it’s own historical, geo-cultural, infrastructure, and social specifics. All these aspects are part of tracking the smart cities’ infrastructure quality.

UNB network
UNB network is a type of LPWAN pioneered by Telensa to connect smart city sensors and controls at low cost
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Urbanization
Urbanization refers to the population shift from rural to urban areas, the gradual increase in the proportion of people living
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Urban mining
Densely built-up urban areas are vast “repositories” or “banks” of raw materials. Urban mining is a concept for the systematic
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Urban heat islands strategic plan
The Strategic Plan gives detailed descriptions of various possibilities for cooling urban heat islands. In addition, it contains precise...
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Urban heat island effect
Urban settlement structures differ significantly from the surrounding rural areas in many respects, including climatic factors such...
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Upcycling
Upcycling is the process of transforming waste products or (apparently) useless materials into brand new products. As opposed to...
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Virtualization of cities’, industrials’, and infrastructure and resources give an advantage of extreme optimization of qualification management and bring cities, services, and product development speed. Deliver better products and services across continents.

Visionary
A visionary is someone with a strong vision of the future. Since such visions aren't always accurate, a visionary's ideas
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The world becomes smarter through technologies, innovation, but mainly through a consciousness of people by their natural evolution. People are getting smarter, and naturally, also cities and the environment around become better.

Whitewashing
Refers to the lack of diversity within environmental organizations, causing the needs of communities of color to not be represented.
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Workability
A measure of the viability of a smart city application relating to economic competitiveness and productivity.
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Xeonegny – production of offspring completely unlike either parent. Smart Cities of the future relates to every of the next generation. Experiments in Smart Cities of these days develop a strategy for these, but mainly next generation. Smart Cities – it is education for better development of cities and the world.

Xenocurrency
Xenocurrency – a currency that trades in foreign markets. For example, Euros trade in American markets, making the Euro a
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I and You are about the interaction and connection quality between us. Mental and physical interaction in human understanding is very similar to the organization of the macro-infrastructure of these days.

Yupcap
Yupcap – stands for Young Urban Professionals Who Can’t Afford Property. Yupcaps are usually in their 20s and early 30s.
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Zero-emission, zero waste, zero-carbon, zero negative around us, and zero impact to the environment self-organized infrastructure are the environment keys of Smart Cities development strategy.

Zero carbon city
A zero-carbon city runs entirely on renewable energy; it has no carbon footprint and will in this respect not cause
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Zero energy city
A city with zero net energy consumption, meaning the total amount of energy used by the city on an annual
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Zero Carbon Emissions
According to the targets set by the Paris Climate Agreement, there are only 29 years remaining to reach global net-zero
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